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Çalışan Annelerin Emzirme Sürelerini Etkileyen Faktörler

Year 2012, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 10 - 17, 24.01.2012

Abstract

ÖZET

Amaç: Bu çalışma, çalışan annelerin emzirme sürelerini etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Yöntem: Bu çalışma bir üniversite hastanesinin sağlam çocuk polikliniğinde ve iki aile sağlığı merkezinde yapılmıştır. Veriler yüz yüze görüşme ve elektronik ortamda e-posta aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Örneklemi, 12-24 aylık, sağlıklı, tek çocuğu olan, çalışan ve 18 yaş üstü 120 anne oluşturmuştur. Veriler anket formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde t testi, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve ileri analiz yöntemlerinden Bonferroni analizi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Geliri giderine eşit olan kadınların, geliri fazla olan kadınlara göre daha uzun süre sadece anne sütü verdiği ve toplam anne sütü verme sürelerinin daha uzun olduğu belirlenmiştir. İşyerinde sağma yapabilen ve sağmaya yardımcı olabilecek koşulları olan annelerin sadece anne sütü verme süresinin daha uzun olduğu saptanmıştır. Eğitim düzeyi yüksek, bebeklerinin cinsiyeti kız ve işyerinde sağma yaparken kendine destek olabilecek arkadaşları olan kadınların toplam anne sütü verme süresinin daha uzun olduğu belirlemiştir. Annenin yaşı, doğum şekli, eş desteği, günlük çalışma saatleri ve doğumdan sonra işe başlama zamanının sadece anne sütü ve toplam anne sütü verme süresini etkilemediği saptanmıştır.

Sonuç: İşyerlerinde annelerin sütlerini sağma ve saklamaları için uygun koşulların oluşturulması emzirme süresinin uzamasına yardımcı olacaktır.

Anahtar Sözcükler: Çalışan anne, anne sütü, emzirme, işyeri koşulları, hemşirelik.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: This study examine the factors that affect breastfeeding duration of working mothers.

Method: This research was done in the healthy babies outpatient clinic of a university hospital and two family health centers. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews and electronic mail. The research sample comprised 120 mothers over 18 years old, with one healthy child who is 12-24 months old. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire. T-test, Kruskal-Wallis, one-way ANOVA analysis and Bon-ferroni advanced analysis methods were performed in data analysis.

Results: The mothers whose income equaled to their expenditure excusively breastfeeding longer and had longer total breastfeeding duration than mothers who had higher income. The mothers who could milk expression in their workplace and had facilitating conditions for breastfeeding had longer duration of exclusively breastfeeding. The mothers who had high level of education, girls and who had friends to assist milking had longer total duration of breastfeeding than others. It was found out that the mother’s age, mode of delivery, perception of spouse support, daily work hours and return to work time did not influence the duration of exclusively and total breastfeeding.

Conclusion: Establishing appropriate conditions for the mothers to expression and storage their milk will result in lengthening their breastfeeding period.

Key words: Working mother, breast milk, breastfeeding, working conditions, nursing.


References

  • Alikaşifoğlu M, Erginöz E, Gür ET et al. (2001) Factors influencing the exclusive breastfeeding in a group of Turkish women. J Hum Lact, 17(3):220-226. duration of
  • Alp H (2009) Çocuklarda anne sütü ile beslenme süresi ve ilişkili faktörler. Güncel Pediatri, 7 (2):45-52.
  • Al-Shoshan A (2007) Factors affecting mother’s choices and decisions related to breast feeding practices and weaning habits. Pakistan J Nutr, 6(4):318-322.
  • Anderson JK, Wallace LM (2006) Breastfeeding Works: the role of employers in supporting women who wish to breastfeed and work in four organizations in England. Am J Health, 28(3):183-191. Public
  • Bakiler AR, Özgür S, Özer EA (2005) Anne sütü ile beslenmeyi etkileyen faktörler. İzmir Tepe- cik Hastanesi Dergisi, 15(2):111-115.
  • Bodur S, Yıldız H, Mermer M ve ark. (2002) Konya il merkezinde annenin çalışma durumuna göre emzirme süresi ve ek gıda ile ilgili tutumu. Selçuk Üniv Tıp Derg, 18(2):97- 101.
  • Cernadas JMC, Noceda G, Barrera L et al. (2003) Maternal and perinatal the duration of exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months of life. 19(2):136-144.
  • factors influencing J Hum Lact,
  • Chen CY, Wu CY, Chie CW (2006) Effects of work-related factors on the breastfeeding behaviour of working mothers in a Taiwanese semi-conductor section-nal survey. BMC Public Health, 6(160):1-8. cross
  • Chuang CH, Chang PJ, Chen YC et al. (2010) Maternal return to work and breastfeeding: A popula-tion-based cohort study. Int J Nurs Stud,47(4):461-474.
  • Dabritz HA, Hinton BG, Babb J (2009) Evaluation of lactation support in the work- place or school environment on 6-month breastfeeding outcomes in Yolo County, California. J Hum Lact, 25:182-193.
  • Fein SB, Roe B (1998) The effect of work status on initiation and duration of breast-feeding. Am J Public Health, 88(7):1042-1046.
  • Gökçay G, Baslo G (2002) Anne sütü ile beslenmede kanıta dayalı uygulamalar, yeter- siz anne sütü, çalışan anne, ilaçlar ve hasta- lıklar. Çocuk Dergisi, 2:139-143
  • Gökdemirel S, Bozkurt G, Gökçay G ve ark. (2008) Çalışan annelerin emzirme sürecinde yaşadıkları: Niteliksel bir çalışma. Çocuk Dergisi, 8(4):221-234.
  • Guendelman S, Kosa JL, Pearl M et al. (2009) Juggling work and breastfeeding: Effect of maternity leave and ocupational characteris- tics. J Pediatr, 123(1):38-46.
  • Hawkins SS, Griffiths LJ, Dezateux C et al. (2007) The millenium cohort study child health group. Maternal employment and breast-feeding initiation: findings from the Millenium Cohort Study. Paediatr Perinat Epi-demiol, 21(3):242-247.
  • Johnson ML, Esposito N (2007) Barriers and facilitators for breastfeeding among working women in the United States. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs, 36(1):9-20.
  • Karaçam Z (2007) Factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding of healthy babies aged zero to four months: A community-based study of Turkish Women. J Clin Nurs. 17(3):341-349.
  • Karancı G, Yenal K (2011) Çalışan gebelerin emzirmeyi sürdürmeye yönelik bilgilerini et- kileyen etmenler. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İzmir, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi.
  • Kurinij N, Shiono PH, Ezrine SF et al. (1989) Does maternal employment affect breast- feeding. Am J Public Health, 79(9),1247- 1250.
  • Lakati A, Binns C, Stevenson M (2002) The effect of work status on exclusive breastfeeding in Nairobi. Asia Pac J Public Health, 14(2):85-90.
  • Mandal B, Roe EB, Fein SB (2010) The differential effects of full-time and part-time work status on breastfeeding. Health Policy, 97(1):79-86.
  • Meek JY (2001) Management of breastfeeding, breastfeeding in the workplace, Pediadtric Clinics of North America, 48(2): 76-100.
  • Ong G, Yap M, Li FL etal. (2005) Impact of working status on breastfeeding in Singapore, Evidence from the national brestfeeding survey 2001. Europen J Public Health, 15(4):424-430.
  • Ortiz J, McGilligan K, Kelly P (2004) Duration of breast milk expression among working mothers enrolled in an employer sponsored lactation 30(2):111-119. Pediatric Nursing, of breastfeeding duration:
  • Thulier D, Mercer JA (2009) Review: Variables associated with breastfeeding duration, J Obstet, Gynecol Neonatal Nurs, 38(3):259-268.
  • Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, 2008 Raporu http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2008/ data/TNSA- 2008_ana_Rapor-tr.pdf (erişim: 15 Aralık 2009) Ankara, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Başbakanlık Hanehalkı İşgücü İstatistik Araştırması 2012 Şubat Dönemi Sonuçları http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do ?id=10817 (erişim: 12 Haziran 2012)
  • Ünsal H, Atlıhan F, Özkan H ve ark. (2005) Toplumda anne sütü verme eğilimi ve buna etki eden faktörler. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 48(3):226-233.
  • Visness CM, Kennedy KI (1997) Maternal employment and breast-feeding: findings from the 1988 national maternal and infant health survey. Am J Public Health, 97(5):945-950.
  • World Health Organization, Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices Part I:Definitions, Conclusions of a consensus meeting held 6–8 November 2007 in Washington, DC, Maternal, newborn, child and http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2008/ 9789241596664_eng.pdf (erişim: 12 Haziran 2012) USA, 2008,
  • Yılmaz G, Gürakan B, Akgün S ve ark. (2002) Factors influencing breastfeeding for working mothers. Turk J Pediatr, 44(1):30-34.
  • Yimyam S, Morrow (1999) Breastfeeding practises among employed Thai women in chiang mai. J Hum Lact, 15(3):225-232.
Year 2012, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 10 - 17, 24.01.2012

Abstract

References

  • Alikaşifoğlu M, Erginöz E, Gür ET et al. (2001) Factors influencing the exclusive breastfeeding in a group of Turkish women. J Hum Lact, 17(3):220-226. duration of
  • Alp H (2009) Çocuklarda anne sütü ile beslenme süresi ve ilişkili faktörler. Güncel Pediatri, 7 (2):45-52.
  • Al-Shoshan A (2007) Factors affecting mother’s choices and decisions related to breast feeding practices and weaning habits. Pakistan J Nutr, 6(4):318-322.
  • Anderson JK, Wallace LM (2006) Breastfeeding Works: the role of employers in supporting women who wish to breastfeed and work in four organizations in England. Am J Health, 28(3):183-191. Public
  • Bakiler AR, Özgür S, Özer EA (2005) Anne sütü ile beslenmeyi etkileyen faktörler. İzmir Tepe- cik Hastanesi Dergisi, 15(2):111-115.
  • Bodur S, Yıldız H, Mermer M ve ark. (2002) Konya il merkezinde annenin çalışma durumuna göre emzirme süresi ve ek gıda ile ilgili tutumu. Selçuk Üniv Tıp Derg, 18(2):97- 101.
  • Cernadas JMC, Noceda G, Barrera L et al. (2003) Maternal and perinatal the duration of exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months of life. 19(2):136-144.
  • factors influencing J Hum Lact,
  • Chen CY, Wu CY, Chie CW (2006) Effects of work-related factors on the breastfeeding behaviour of working mothers in a Taiwanese semi-conductor section-nal survey. BMC Public Health, 6(160):1-8. cross
  • Chuang CH, Chang PJ, Chen YC et al. (2010) Maternal return to work and breastfeeding: A popula-tion-based cohort study. Int J Nurs Stud,47(4):461-474.
  • Dabritz HA, Hinton BG, Babb J (2009) Evaluation of lactation support in the work- place or school environment on 6-month breastfeeding outcomes in Yolo County, California. J Hum Lact, 25:182-193.
  • Fein SB, Roe B (1998) The effect of work status on initiation and duration of breast-feeding. Am J Public Health, 88(7):1042-1046.
  • Gökçay G, Baslo G (2002) Anne sütü ile beslenmede kanıta dayalı uygulamalar, yeter- siz anne sütü, çalışan anne, ilaçlar ve hasta- lıklar. Çocuk Dergisi, 2:139-143
  • Gökdemirel S, Bozkurt G, Gökçay G ve ark. (2008) Çalışan annelerin emzirme sürecinde yaşadıkları: Niteliksel bir çalışma. Çocuk Dergisi, 8(4):221-234.
  • Guendelman S, Kosa JL, Pearl M et al. (2009) Juggling work and breastfeeding: Effect of maternity leave and ocupational characteris- tics. J Pediatr, 123(1):38-46.
  • Hawkins SS, Griffiths LJ, Dezateux C et al. (2007) The millenium cohort study child health group. Maternal employment and breast-feeding initiation: findings from the Millenium Cohort Study. Paediatr Perinat Epi-demiol, 21(3):242-247.
  • Johnson ML, Esposito N (2007) Barriers and facilitators for breastfeeding among working women in the United States. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs, 36(1):9-20.
  • Karaçam Z (2007) Factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding of healthy babies aged zero to four months: A community-based study of Turkish Women. J Clin Nurs. 17(3):341-349.
  • Karancı G, Yenal K (2011) Çalışan gebelerin emzirmeyi sürdürmeye yönelik bilgilerini et- kileyen etmenler. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İzmir, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi.
  • Kurinij N, Shiono PH, Ezrine SF et al. (1989) Does maternal employment affect breast- feeding. Am J Public Health, 79(9),1247- 1250.
  • Lakati A, Binns C, Stevenson M (2002) The effect of work status on exclusive breastfeeding in Nairobi. Asia Pac J Public Health, 14(2):85-90.
  • Mandal B, Roe EB, Fein SB (2010) The differential effects of full-time and part-time work status on breastfeeding. Health Policy, 97(1):79-86.
  • Meek JY (2001) Management of breastfeeding, breastfeeding in the workplace, Pediadtric Clinics of North America, 48(2): 76-100.
  • Ong G, Yap M, Li FL etal. (2005) Impact of working status on breastfeeding in Singapore, Evidence from the national brestfeeding survey 2001. Europen J Public Health, 15(4):424-430.
  • Ortiz J, McGilligan K, Kelly P (2004) Duration of breast milk expression among working mothers enrolled in an employer sponsored lactation 30(2):111-119. Pediatric Nursing, of breastfeeding duration:
  • Thulier D, Mercer JA (2009) Review: Variables associated with breastfeeding duration, J Obstet, Gynecol Neonatal Nurs, 38(3):259-268.
  • Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, 2008 Raporu http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2008/ data/TNSA- 2008_ana_Rapor-tr.pdf (erişim: 15 Aralık 2009) Ankara, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Başbakanlık Hanehalkı İşgücü İstatistik Araştırması 2012 Şubat Dönemi Sonuçları http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do ?id=10817 (erişim: 12 Haziran 2012)
  • Ünsal H, Atlıhan F, Özkan H ve ark. (2005) Toplumda anne sütü verme eğilimi ve buna etki eden faktörler. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 48(3):226-233.
  • Visness CM, Kennedy KI (1997) Maternal employment and breast-feeding: findings from the 1988 national maternal and infant health survey. Am J Public Health, 97(5):945-950.
  • World Health Organization, Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices Part I:Definitions, Conclusions of a consensus meeting held 6–8 November 2007 in Washington, DC, Maternal, newborn, child and http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2008/ 9789241596664_eng.pdf (erişim: 12 Haziran 2012) USA, 2008,
  • Yılmaz G, Gürakan B, Akgün S ve ark. (2002) Factors influencing breastfeeding for working mothers. Turk J Pediatr, 44(1):30-34.
  • Yimyam S, Morrow (1999) Breastfeeding practises among employed Thai women in chiang mai. J Hum Lact, 15(3):225-232.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Özlem Çeçe

Kerziban Yenal

Publication Date January 24, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çeçe, Ö., & Yenal, K. (2012). Çalışan Annelerin Emzirme Sürelerini Etkileyen Faktörler. Cumhuriyet Hemşirelik Dergisi, 1(1), 10-17.