OBEZİTE CERRAHİSİNDE (BARİYATRİK CERRAHİ) HEMŞİRELİK BAKIMI

Obezite (şişmanlık), vücutta yağ miktarının sağlığı bozacak şekilde artarak, tedavi edilmediğinde fizyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyo-ekonomik sorunlara neden olan, bireylerin yaşam kalitesini olumsuz yönde etkileyebilecek kronik bir hastalıktır. Obezitenin tedavisinde; diyet, egzersiz, davranış değişikliği, farmakoterapi ve cerrahi yöntemler uygulanmaktadır. Obezitenin patofizyolojisi, cerrahi girişim sonrası gelişebilecek komplikasyonlar, obezitenin genel sağlık durumunu bozması nedeniyle, obezite cerrahisi sonrası hastalara verilecek olan hemşirelik bakımı önem kazanmaktadır. Bu makalede; obezite cerrahisi sonrasında olumlu hasta sonuçları elde edebilmek için ameliyat öncesi, sırası ve sonrası verilecek olan hemşirelik bakımı, literatür bilgileri ışığında açıklandı.

Obesity is a chronic disease, which is the result of fat increase in human body to deteriorate health, and when it is not cured it causes physiological, psychological and socio-economic problems and affects the life quality of individuals. It is observed that obesity is an increasing problem in our country as it is in developed countries. The increasing prevalence of obesity made treatment types of weight loss developed. In the treatment of obesity some methods such as diet, exercise, behavioral change, pharmacotherapy and surgery are employed. Because of pathophysiology of obesity, potential development of complication after surgery, deteriorated state of health caused by obesity, nursing care to the sufferers after obesity surgery gains importance. It’s important to assess and care patients carefully for preventing cardiovascular and respiratory systems complications after bariatric surgery. In general, determining suitable position for patients, caring for obesity related potential risks in drug applications, pain controlling by providing deep breathing and coughing exercises are priority activities for preventing complications in nursing care. Moreover, a nurse should support the patient in terms of the changes that would happen in his life after the surgery and train the patient for personal health education which simplify adaptation. In the process of care, health care professionals have to keep in their mind that positive attitude towards obese patient increases care quality and patient satisfaction. In the present article, nursing care -before, after and during surgery in order to get positive results from the patients after surgery- has been explained in the light of the literature.